atmospheric oceanic phenomena that occur cyclically varying periods of 2-7 years. Have a higher incidence in the Pacific Ocean and around the latitude of Ecuador. Its effects are regional and global status as transforming the climate of almost the entire Earth. For example, during the 1997-1998 El Niño event in Mongolia temperature reached 42 ° C and precipitation in central Europe caused a major flood of the century. This phenomenon severely affects the social, economic and political status of countries, altering its production cycle and socio economic growth.
In humid areas usually originate prolonged droughts in arid areas are produced torrential rains and waves of heat or cold in different parts of the world. Usually, this means heavy losses in economic activities, especially in primary activities, so much more to affect developing countries where they are the foundation of its economy. For example: drought, increase the mortality of livestock and forest fires that pollute the environment and cause loss of biodiversity. Torrential rains cause severe flooding and mudslides and rocks; increasing the temperature of the water away from some fishing grounds important fish species for their commercial value thus impeding fishing.
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